When life is going smoothly, unexpected events will always break the original peace and quiet, catching people off guard. And sudden acute illness is one of them, in the race with the god of death, every minute and every second is very valuable, miss the “golden time” of treatment, the implementation of incorrect treatment methods, may cause serious consequences.

In recent years, the number of heart attacks in China has risen significantly, with at least 500,000 new cases each year and more than 2 million existing patients. Acute heart attack if not timely treatment, it is easy to sudden death.

The “1120” contains two important symbols, grasp the “golden time” to save treatment, and understand the correct way to save treatment, I hope everyone can remember.

What is an acute myocardial infarction?

Acute myocardial infarction is the most serious type of coronary heart disease. It is an acute condition based on coronary atherosclerosis in which atheromatous plaques in the lumen rupture and bleed, leading to thrombus formation, which persistently and completely blocks the lumen and causes ischemic necrosis of the myocardium.

What are the signs of an acute heart attack?

The most important symptom of acute heart attack is angina pectoris. Sudden onset of chest pain or sudden aggravation of pre-existing angina.

The pain is mainly concentrated in the posterior sternum, precordial area, the size of the palm of the hand, often manifested as oppressive pain, pain is unbearable, often accompanied by profuse sweating, the sense of imminent death, often radiating to the left shoulder, the inner side of the left arm up to the ring finger and the little finger, or to the neck, pharynx, or the lower jaw. Rest and nitroglycerin usually cannot relieve it.

A few patients have no pain and are in critical condition such as shock or heart failure right at the beginning.

What conditions can cause an acute heart attack?

The underlying cause of acute myocardial infarction is coronary atherosclerosis. On this basis, myocardial infarction occurs when there is plaque rupture and thrombosis, resulting in acute occlusion of one or more blood vessels for 20-30 minutes or more.

And the common causes that contribute to plaque rupture and thrombus formation are:

Autonomic excitability: at 6-12 a.m., human sympathetic nerve activity increases, the body’s stress response is enhanced, and myocardial contractility, heart rate, blood pressure and coronary artery tension increase. If you are too tired or emotional at this time, it is easy to trigger an acute heart attack.

Diet: After eating a full meal or eating a lot of fat, blood fat will increase, blood viscosity increases, easily lead to thrombosis in the coronary artery, inducing acute heart attack.

Increased burden on the heart: heavy physical labor, excessive emotional excitement, a sharp rise in blood pressure or straining to defecate, etc., leading to increased cardiac load, which can also contribute to the formation of blood clots.

Reduced blood supply to the coronary arteries: when drinking less water, sweating and dehydration or suffering from severe arrhythmia, the blood output of the heart drops significantly within a short period of time, and the amount of blood in the coronary arteries decreases sharply, leading to the formation of thrombus and blockage of blood vessels.

What other factors predispose to acute heart attacks?

Age, gender

The prevalence of atherosclerosis is significantly higher in middle-aged and elderly people over 40 years of age, and the incidence of acute heart attacks is also much higher. In women, the incidence increases rapidly after menopause.

Hyperlipidemia

Abnormal lipid metabolism is the most important risk factor for coronary atherosclerosis, especially elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C).

high blood pressure

Hypertensive patients are 3-4 times more likely to develop coronary heart disease and are significantly more likely to have an acute heart attack than normal people.

Smoking

Smoking increases the incidence of atherosclerosis by 2-6 times, and the incidence is directly proportional to the number of cigarettes smoked per day.

Diabetes

Myocardial infarction is several times more likely to occur in diabetic patients than in non-diabetic patients.

obese

Obesity can lead to plasma triglyceride and cholesterol levels rise, and obesity is often accompanied by hypertension, diabetes, resulting in atherosclerosis of the coronary artery incidence rate increased significantly, prone to heart attack.

Genetic factors

Myocardial infarction has certain family heredity.

Remember the two “120s.”

If someone close to you suddenly suffers an acute heart attack, first of all, stay calm, do not blindly help if you do not have experience, otherwise it may help. To call 120 in time, keep the patient in a comfortable position, comfort the patient, eliminate their nervousness, anxiety, waiting for help.

Acute myocardial infarction treatment “golden time” is the onset of the first 120 minutes, in this time, if you can open the blocked blood vessels in time, the heart muscle can regain new life. At this time as the patient’s side, we must listen to the doctor’s advice, do not hesitate, or you will miss the best time to save, it is too late to regret.

How to prevent acute myocardial infarction?

1. Patients with pre-existing underlying coronary artery disease should pay attention to avoiding exertion, emotional stress and other risk factors that lead to reduced blood supply to the coronary arteries and plaque rupture.
2. Light diet and regular exercise: reduce excessive fat intake, moderate exercise, and reject hyperlipidemia.
3. quit smoking and drinking: quit smoking and drinking to reduce the risk factors leading to coronary atherosclerosis.

4. Emphasize the management of blood glucose and blood pressure: hypertensive and diabetic patients should strictly control their blood pressure and blood glucose according to the physician’s opinion, so as to avoid further aggravation of the already fragile coronary artery.
5. Weight loss: Combine exercise and healthy diet to keep the body mass index between 18.5 and 23.9.

Time is myocardium, time is life.

Acute myocardial infarction is a life-threatening acute condition, once it occurs, opening the blocked blood vessels in the shortest possible time is the key. When you find a patient with an acute heart attack, keep in mind the two 120s, which can save your life at the critical moment!